Decreased bone density, also known as osteopenia or osteoporosis, is a condition where bones become weaker and more porous over time. This can lead to an increased risk of fractures and broken bones. There are several potential causes of decreased bone density:
- Aging - As we get older, bone density naturally decreases as bone tissue is lost faster than it's replaced. This typically begins around age 30 and accelerates after menopause in women due to lower estrogen levels.
- Genetics - Some people are predisposed to lower bone density due to family history. Ethnicity can also play a role, with Caucasian and Asian women at higher risk.
- Poor nutrition - Not getting enough calcium, vitamin D, and protein can impair bone growth and maintenance. Certain medical conditions or procedures may also lead to nutritional deficiencies.
- Inactive lifestyle - Weight-bearing exercise stimulates bone remodeling and growth. Lack of physical activity, especially during childhood and adolescence, can hinder optimal bone mass development.
- Smoking - Smoking restricts blood flow and reduces calcium absorption needed for bone health. Tobacco use is a major risk factor for osteoporosis.
- Excessive alcohol - Heavy alcohol consumption interferes with the balance of calcium and vitamin D, essential nutrients for bones. It also affects the production of osteoblasts that form new bone.
- Certain medications - Long-term use of some medications can negatively impact bone density.
Early detection of decreased bone density is key. A DEXA bone density scan can accurately measure bone mineral density. Routine screening is recommended for postmenopausal women and high-risk individuals.
Lifestyle changes like eating a balanced diet rich in calcium and vitamin D, doing weight-bearing and muscle-strengthening exercises, quitting smoking, limiting alcohol, and getting adequate vitamin D from sunlight or supplements can help maintain and even increase bone density.
Treatment for osteoporosis may include bisphosphonate medications to slow bone loss, and calcium and vitamin D supplements. In severe cases, a procedure called vertebroplasty can reinforce the spine.
At
Renew Wellness, we help assess bone health and provide individualized treatment plans involving diet, exercise, medications, and hormone therapy to strengthen bones and reduce fracture risk. Our comprehensive approach focuses on identifying underlying causes like hormonal imbalances to promote long-lasting bone density improvements. Healthy bones provide strength, mobility, and vitality - make them a priority!